Research Outputs

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 58
  • Publication
    Towards Energy-Awareness in Managing Wireless LAN Applications
    (2012) ;
    Bhatti, S. N. 
    ;
    Yu, Y. 
    We have investigated the scope for enabling WLAN applications to manage the trade-off between performance and energy usage. We have conducted measurements of energy usage and performance in our 802.11n WLAN testbed, which operates in the 5 GHz ISM band. We have defined an effective energy usage envelope with respect to application-level packet transmission, and we demonstrate how performance as well as the effective energy usage envelope is effected by various configurations of IEEE 802.11n, including transmission power levels and channel width. Our findings show that the packet size and packet rate of the application flow have the greatest impact on application-level energy usage, compared to transmission power and channel width. As well as testing across a range of packet sizes and packet rates, we emulate a Skype flow, a YouTube flow and file transfers (HTTP over Internet and local server) to place our results in context. Based on our measurements we discuss approaches and potential improvements of management in effective energy usage for the tested applications.
      113  1Scopus© Citations 14
  • Publication
    Smart industrial indoor farming - Technical and societal challenges
    (Trauner, 2019)
    Schmittner, Christoph 
    ;
    Christl, Korbinian 
    ;
    Macher, Georg 
    ;
    Knapitsch, Johannes 
    ;
    Parapatits, Martin 
    ;
    ; ;
    Population growth and food development are two of the major challenges for society. While smart farming can help, available arable land is restricted. Smart industrial indoor farming has the potential to increase agricultural production while also reducing resources usage. To guarantee a reliable food supply, we need to ensure a dependable system, which protects not only the plants, but also the Intellectual property (IP). We give an overview about the challenges on agriculture, available indoor farming systems and standards for smart farming. We evaluate the standards for applicability towards indoor farming and present a use case for a smart industrial indoor farming system. To assure a dependable system, we present a methodology to analyze the system and achieve a trade-off between different dependability attributes.
      125  1
  • Publication
    A Framework for Measuring the Costs of Security at Runtime
    (SCITEPRESS, 2019) ; ; ;
    Mauthe, Andreas 
    ;
    In Industry 4.0, Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are formed by components, which are interconnected with each other over the Internet of Things (IoT). The resulting capabilities of sensing and affecting the physical world offer a vast range of opportunities, yet, at the same time pose new security challenges. To address these challenges there are various IoT Frameworks, which offer solutions for managing and controlling IoT-components and their interactions. In this regard, providing security for an interaction usually requires performing additional security-related tasks (e.g. authorisation, encryption, etc.) to prevent possible security risks. Research currently focuses more on designing and developing these frameworks and does not satisfactorily provide methodologies for evaluating the resulting costs of providing security. In this paper we propose an initial approach for measuring the resulting costs of providing security for interacting IoT-components by using a Security Cost Modell ing Framework. Furthermore, we describe the necessary building blocks of the framework and provide an experimental design showing how it could be used to measure security costs at runtime.
      537  1Scopus© Citations 2
  • Publication
    A Self-Organising Approach for Smart Meter Communication Systems
    (2014) ;
    Skopik, F. 
    ;
    Hutchison, D. 
    ;
    Bleier, T. 
      147  2Scopus© Citations 1
  • Publication
    Towards Comparing Programming Paradigms
    (2017-12) ; ;
    Wöhrer, Alexander 
    Rapid technological progress in computer sciences finds solutions and at the same time creates ever more complex requirements. Due to an evolving complexity today’s programming languages provide powerful frameworks which offer standard solutions for recurring tasks to assist the programmer and to avoid the re-invention of the wheel with so- called “out-of-the-box-features”. In this paper, we propose a way of comparing different programming paradigms on a theoretical, technical and practical level. Furthermore, the paper presents the results of an initial comparison of two representative programming approaches, both in the closed SAP environment.
      141  388Scopus© Citations 1
  • Publication
      529  797
  • Publication
    Operations security evaluation of IaaS-cloud backend for industry 4.0
    The fast growing number of cloud based Infrastructure-as-a-Service instances raises the question, how the operations security depending on the underlying cloud computing infrastructure can be sustained and guaranteed. Security standards provide guidelines for information security controls applicable to the provision and use of the cloud services. The objectives of operations security are to support planning and sustaining of day-to-day processes that are critical with respect to security of information environments. In this work we provide a detailed analysis of ISO 27017 standard regarding security controls and investigate how well popular cloud platforms can cater for them. The resulting gap of support for individual security controls is furthermore compared with outcomes of recent cloud security research projects. Hence the contribution is twofold, first we identify a set of topics that still require research and development and secondly, as a practical output, we provide a comparison of popular industrial and open-source platforms focusing on private cloud environments, which are important for Industry 4.0 use cases.
      206  2Scopus© Citations 1
  • Publication
    Application System Design - High Security
    (CRC Press, 2017)
    Aldrian, Andreas 
    ;
    Priller, Peter 
    ;
    Schmittner, Christoph 
    ;
    Plosz, Sandor 
    ;
    ;
    Wagner, Christian 
    ;
    Hein, Daniel 
    ;
    Ebner, Thomas 
    ;
    Maritsch, Martin 
    ;
    Ruprechter, Thomas 
    ;
    Lesjak, Christian 
      165  1
  • Publication
    The Effect of the 802.11 Power Save Mechanism (PSM) on Energy Efficiency and Performance During System Activity
    (2012) ;
    Bhatti, S. N. 
    802.11 WLAN is a popular choice for wireless access on a range of ICT devices. A growing concern is the increased energy usage of ICT, for reasons of cost and environmental protection. The Power Save Mode (PSM) in 802.11 deactivates the wireless network interface during periods of inactivity. However, applications increasingly use push models, and so devices may be active much of the time. We have investigated the effectiveness of PSM, and considered its impact on performance when a device is active. Rather than concentrate on the NIC, we have taken a system-wide approach, to gauge the impact of the PSM from an application perspective. We experimentally evaluated performance at the packet level and system-wide power usage under various offered loads, controlled by packet size and data rate, on our 802.11n test bed. We have measured the system-wide power consumption corresponding to the individual traffic profiles and have derived application-specific effective energy-usage. We have found that in our scenarios, no significant benefit can be gained from using PSM.
      105  1Scopus© Citations 34