Piringer, Gerhard

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Official Name
Piringer, Gerhard
Main Affiliation
Akademische Titel
DI, Ph.D.
Email
gerhard.piringer@fh-burgenland.at
ORCID
Scopus Author ID
23095387800
Status
staff

Research Outputs

2022 2022 2021 2021 2020 2020 2019 2019 2018 2018 2017 2017 2016 2016 2015 2015 2014 2014 2013 2013 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0

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  • No Thumbnail Available
    Publication
    Effizienzvergleich von automatischen Lenksystemen mit manueller Lenkung während der Grünlandernte auf Basis von Prozessparametern der Zugmaschine
    (Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V., 2017)
    Kral, Iris 
    ;
    Mauch, Marie 
    ;
    Barta, Norbert 
    ;
    Piringer, Gerhard 
    ;
    Bauer, Alexander 
    ;
    Bauerdick, Josef 
    ;
    Bernhardt, Heinz 
    ;
    Gronauer, Andreas 
    Der Nutzen von automatischen Lenksystemen wurde bisher vor allem im Ackerbau untersucht. In der vorliegenden Studie soll daher der Nutzen zwischen manueller Lenkung (mL) und automatischer Lenkung (aL) in der Grünlandwirtschaft durch Feldversuche verglichen werden. Die Prozessparameter wurden aus CANund ISO-Bus der Zugmaschine während des Mähens, Wendens und Schwadens erfasst. Die größten Abweichungen zwischen mL und aL wurden im Bereich der Feldarbeitszeit beobachtet. Hier war die Bearbeitung mit aL im Mittel 42,6% während des Mähens und 30,0% während des Wendens langsamer als mit mL. Neben unterschiedlichen Fahrstrategien war dieser Umstand auf einen mangelhaften Wechsel von mL auf aL nach der Wende zurückzuführen. Im Gegensatz dazu konnte mit der aL während des Schwadens um 15,6% schneller gearbeitet werden als mit mL. Dies ist auf einen Wendevorgang mittels Schwalbenschwanzwende während mL zurückzuführen.
      74
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    Publication
    Transport and partitioning of functional aerosol nanoparticles for remediation of trichloroethylene
    (AIChE, 2007-11-05)
    Zhan, Jingjing 
    ;
    Zheng, Tonghua 
    ;
    Piringer, Gerhard 
    ;
    McPherson, Gary L. 
    ;
    Lu, Yunfeng 
    ;
    Papadopoulos, Kyriakos D. 
    ;
    John, Vijay T. 
    Effective in-situ remediation of contaminated groundwater plume requires the successful delivery of reactive iron particles through soil. This study reports the transport characteristics of nanoscale zerovalent iron particles that are encapsulated in porous silica submicron particles through a novel aerosol-assisted technology. These particles resist aggregation characteristics that are typical of nanoscale zerovalent iron, and are highly reactive. They can be transported through model soils (Ottawa sands) more efficiently than commercially available reactive nanoscale iron particle (RNIP). To explore the fate of particles in sands, macroscopic and microscopic methods were used. Glass burette columns in vertical and horizontal configurations were used to simulate in-situ injection and natural groundwater situations, respectively. In both cases, the composite particles elute readily while RNIP is trapped at the inlet of the column. Capillary experiments further prove that RNIP clogs the pores between sand grains due to rapid aggregation, but pore plugging does not occur for the composite particles. The partitioning characteristic of the particles was investigated by a novel capillary video microscopy technique. Our results again indicate that the iron/silica composite nanparticles preferentially accumulate and localize at the TCE/water interface, making dechlorination more efficient. Such particles with enhanced mobility hold promise in new technologies for in-situ ground water remediation.
      37
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    Publication
    Delivery and targeting of functional aerosol particle in DNAPL remediation
    (American Chemical Society, 2008)
    Zhan, Jingjing 
    ;
    Day, Christopher 
    ;
    Piringer, Gerhard 
    ;
    McPherson, Gary L. 
    ;
    Lu, Yunfeng 
    ;
    Papadopoulos, Kyriakos D. 
    ;
    John, Vijay T. 
      49
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    Publication
    Corn stover for biogas production: Effect of steam explosion pretreatment on the gas yields and on the biodegradation kinetics of the primary structural compounds
    (Elsevier, 2017)
    Lizasoain, Javier 
    ;
    Trulea, Adrian 
    ;
    Gittinger, Johannes 
    ;
    Kral, Iris 
    ;
    Piringer, Gerhard 
    ;
    Schedl, Andreas 
    ;
    Nilsen, Paal Jahre 
    ;
    Potthast, Antje 
    ;
    Gronauer, Andreas 
    ;
    Bauer, Alexander 
    This study evaluated the effect of steam explosion on the chemical composition and biomethane potential of corn stover using temperatures ranging between 140 and 220°C and pretreatment times ranging between 2 and 15min. Biodegradation kinetics during the anaerobic digestion of untreated and corn stover, pretreated at two different intensities, 140°C for 5min and 180°C for 5min, were studied in tandem. Results showed that pretreatment at 160°C for 2min improved the methane yield by 22%. Harsher pretreatment conditions led to lower hemicellulose contents and methane yields, as well as higher lignin contents, which may be due to the formation of pseudo-lignin. The biodegradation kinetics trial demonstrated that steam explosion enhances the degradation of structural carbohydrates and acid insoluble lignin.
      57Scopus© Citations 67
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    Publication
    Effects of working depth and wheel slip on fuel consumption of selected tillage implements
    (International Commission of Agricultural Engineering, 2014)
    Moitzi, Gerhard 
    ;
    Wagentristl, Helmut 
    ;
    Refenner, Karl 
    ;
    Weingartmann, Herbert 
    ;
    Piringer, Gerhard 
    ;
    Boxberger, Josef 
    ;
    Gronauer, Andreas 
    Rising fossil fuel prices are leading to an increasing awareness of energy efficiency in plant production. Tillage in particular can consume large amounts of fuel. For four tillage implements (reversible mouldboard plough, short disc harrow, universal-cultivator, subsoiler), this study quantifies the effect of different working depths on fuel consumption, wheel slip, field capacity and specific energy consumption. A four-wheel drive tractor (92 kW) was equipped with a data-acquisition system for engine speed, vehicle speed, wheel speed and fuel consumption. Fuel consumption was measured in the fuel system with an integrated high-precision flow-meter. The results show that the area-specific fuel consumption increased linearly with working depth for both the mouldboard plough and the short disc harrow, but disproportionately for the subsoiler. Wheel slip was found to increase fuel consumption and decrease field capacity performance at all depths. The influence of the engine speed was shown in a separate experiment with a universal-cultivator. Increasing the engine speed from 1,513 r min-1 to 2,042 r min-1 results in an increase of 80% for the fuel consumption rate (L/h) and 35% for the area-specific fuel consumption (L/ha). Future measurement of drawbar pull will allow a more detailed analysis of the energy efficiency losses at the engine, the transmission, and at the wheel/soil interface.
      57
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    Aerosol-assisted nanoscale Fe/silica particles for dechlorination of trichloroethylene
    (AIChE, 2007-11-07)
    Zheng, Tonghua 
    ;
    Zhan, Jingjing 
    ;
    Piringer, Gerhard 
    ;
    McPherson, Gary L. 
    ;
    Lu, Yunfeng 
    ;
    John, Vijay T. 
    Nanoscale iron particles are a preferred option for the reductive dehalogenation of trichloroethylene (TCE) due to their environmentally benign nature, high efficiency and low cost. However, nanoscale zerovalent iron (ZVI) particles aggregate and in in-situ remediation technologies, it is difficult to transport these particles to the source of contamination. This study describes a novel approach to the preparation of ZVI nanoparticles that are efficient and effectively transport to contaminant sites. We describe the synthesis of silica supported iron nanoparticles using aerosol technology. While the encapsulated iron nanoparticles are reactive for groundwater trichloroethylene remediation, environmentally benign silica particles serve as effective carriers for nanoiron transport through soil. Encapsulation of iron into submicron silica particles protects ferromagnetic iron nanoparticles from aggregation and may increase their mobility through sedimentation. Additionally, the presence of surface silanol groups on silica particles allows control of surface properties via silanol modification using organic functional groups. Aerosol silica particles with functional groups such as ethyl tails on the surface preferentially adsorb hydrophobic TCE during environmental remediation. This increases the local concentration of TCE in the vicinity of iron nanoparticles, thus promoting the degradation of TCE by iron. These nanoscale iron/silica aerosol particles with controlled surface properties have the potential to be efficiently applied for in-situ remediation and permeable reactive barriers construction.
      56
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    Publication
    Market development and consequences on end-of-life management of photovoltaic implementation in Europe
    (2020)
    Piringer, Gerhard 
    ;
    Franz, Manuela 
    Abstract Background The 2018 European Renewables Directive sets a binding target of 32% of renewable energy generation by 2030. Free-field photovoltaic plants are characterised by significant land use and material flows. Although country-level data on installed power is available, information about the spatial distribution of PV plants is rare. When the first photovoltaic systems will reach their end-of-life on a large scale in 2035, economic, technological and ecological challenges will arise. Methods The study explores the market development of photovoltaic power in the EU countries from 2008 to 2017 by preparing statistical data and Google mapping of free-field PV plants. Different approaches to assessing the land use of free-field PV systems compared to other energy systems are investigated. A comprehensive literature review addresses key issues of PV module waste treatment, hazardous constituents and their leakage in case of module breakage as well as financial issues of decommissioning and recycling and re-use of used modules. Results Most of the European PV electrical energy is generated by approximately 17,000 widely distributed free-field plants predominantly installed in lowlands. A local in-depth study shows that roof-top plants contribute less than 5% to the total PV energy generation in an area without extensive expansion to industrial buildings. Small amounts of hazardous substances that are typically present in PV modules are unlikely to affect the environment during normal operation of the system, but the question of leakage from broken end-of-life modules is not sufficiently clarified. While in the EU, the recycling and disposal costs are covered by producer fees and expected raw material profits; the financing of the decommissioning of thousands of PV free-field plants is still an open issue. Conclusions The land use of free-field PV systems should be analysed in more detail. Concerning hazardous substances, there seems to be an emerging consensus in literature that the leaching behaviour of metals from broken PV module pieces is inadequately simulated by current waste characterisation protocols. It is recommended to pay greater attention to financing the decommissioning of free-field commercial and industrial scale PV systems.
      8  18Scopus© Citations 6
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Publication
    Multifunctional iron-carbon nanocomposites through an aerosol-based process for the in situ remediation of chlorinated hydrocarbons
    (American Chemical Society, 2011)
    Zhan, Jingjing 
    ;
    Kolesnichenko, Igor 
    ;
    Sunkara, Bhanukiran 
    ;
    He, Jibao 
    ;
    McPherson, Gary L. 
    ;
    Piringer, Gerhard 
    ;
    John, Vijay T. 
    Spherical iron-carbon nanocomposites were developed through a facile aerosol-based process with sucrose and iron chloride as starting materials. These composites exhibit multiple functionalities relevant to the in situ remediation of chlorinated hydrocarbons such as trichloroethylene (TCE). The distribution and immobilization of iron nanoparticles on the surface of carbon spheres prevents zerovalent nanoiron aggregation with maintenance of reactivity. The aerosol-based carbon microspheres allow adsorption of TCE, thus removing dissolved TCE rapidly and facilitating reaction by increasing the local concentration of TCE in the vicinity of iron nanoparticles. The strongly adsorptive property of the composites may also prevent release of any toxic chlorinated intermediate products. The composite particles are in the optimal range for transport through groundwater saturated sediments. Furthermore, those iron-carbon composites can be designed at low cost, the process is amenable to scale-up for in situ application, and the materials are intrinsically benign to the environment.
      51Scopus© Citations 71
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    Effects of the Antibiotics Chlortetracycline and Enrofloxacin on the Anaerobic Digestion in Continuous Experiments
    (Springer, 2014)
    Bauer, Alexander 
    ;
    Lizasoain, Javier 
    ;
    Nettmann, Edith 
    ;
    Bergmann, Ingo 
    ;
    Mundt, Kerstin 
    ;
    Klocke, Michael 
    ;
    Rincón, Maria 
    ;
    Amon, Thomas 
    ;
    Piringer, Gerhard 
    Significant quantities of antibiotics are used in modern livestock husbandry and are found in livestock waste. Such waste has been reported to exert inhibitory effects if used as a substrate in biogas facilities. The goal of this study is to analyze the inhibitory effect of the antibiotics chlortetracycline (CTC) and enrofloxacin (EFX) on biogas production with pig slurry. Antibiotic concentrations up to 8,000 mg kg−1 dry matter (DM) pig slurry were added in continuous fermentation tests. Impacts on methane production and on the microbial community structure were analyzed. The results clearly show that chlortetracycline and enrofloxacin negatively affect biogas production. Higher concentrations of antibiotics led to lower methane production. The addition of 200 mg kg−1 DM of CTC or EFX reduced the specific methane yields up to 49 and 44 %, respectively. The microbial community did not show any changes at this concentration. When chlortetracycline was added at a concentration of 8,000 mg kg−1 DM, the biodiversity changed slightly compared to the control without antibiotics.
      62Scopus© Citations 22
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    Reactivity characteristics of nanoscale zerovalent iron-silica composites for trichloroethylene remediation
    (American Chemical Society, 2008)
    Zheng, Tonghua 
    ;
    Zhan, Jingjing 
    ;
    He, Jibao 
    ;
    Day, Christopher 
    ;
    Lu, Yunfeng 
    ;
    McPherson, Gary L. 
    ;
    Piringer, Gerhard 
    ;
    John, Vijay T. 
    Spherical silica particles containing nanoscale zerovalent iron were synthesized through an aerosol-assisted process. These particles are effective for groundwater remediation, with the environmentally benign silica particles serving as effective carriers for nanoiron transport. Incorporation of iron into porous sub-micrometer silica particles protects ferromagnetic iron nanoparticles from aggregation and may increase their subsurface mobility. Additionally, the presence of surface silanol groups on silica particles allows control of surface properties via silanol modification using organic functional groups. Aerosolized silica particles with functional alkyl moieties, such as ethyl groups on the surface, clearly adsorb solubilized trichloroethylene (TCE) in water. These materials may therefore act as adsorbents which have coupled reactivity characteristics. The nanoscale iron/silica composite particles with controlled surface properties have the potential to be efficiently applied for in situ source depletion and in the design of permeable reactive barriers.
      40Scopus© Citations 137