Research Outputs

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Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Publication
    Reliability analysis of Cu wire bonds in microelectronic packages
    (Elsevier, 2016-04-18) ;
    Mazloum-Nejadari, Ali 
    ;
    Khatibi, Golta 
    ;
    Lederer, Martin 
    ;
    Nicolics, Johann 
    ;
    Weiss, Laurens 
    In this study the thermo-mechanical response of 25 μm Cu wire bonds in an LQFP-EPad package was investigated by numerical and experimental means. The aim was to develop a methodology for fast evaluation of the packages, with focus on wire bond fatigue, by combining FEA and mechanical fatigue testing. The investigations included the following steps: (i) simulation of the warpage induced displacements in the encapsulated LQFP-176-Epad package due to temperature changes, (ii) reproducing the thermally induced stresses in the wire bond loops in an unmolded (non-encapsulated) LQFP package using an accelerated multiaxial mechanical fatigue testing set-up under the displacement amplitudes determined in case (i) and determination of the loading cycles to failure (Nf), (iii) FEA of the experiments performed in (ii) based on the boundary conditions determined in (i) to calculate the states of stress and strain in the wire bonds subjected to multiaxial mechanical cyclic loading. Our investigations confirm that thermal and mechanical cyclic loading results in occurrence of high plastic strains at the heat affected zone (HAZ) above the nail-head, which may lead to fatigue failure of the wire bonds in the packages. The lifetime of wire bonds show a proportional relation between the location and angle of the wire bond to the direction of loading. The calculated accumulated plastic strain in the HAZ was correlated to the experimentally determined Nf values based on the volume weighted averaging (VWA) approach and presented in a lifetime diagram (Δd - Nf) for reliability assessment of Cu wire bonds. The described accelerated test method could be used as a rapid qualification test for the determination of the lifetimes of wire bonds at different positions on the chip as well as for related improvements of package design.
      62  1Scopus© Citations 3
  • Publication
    A novel approach for evaluation of material interfaces in electronics
    (2016-03-05) ;
    Khatibi, Golta 
    ;
    Lassnig, Alice 
    ;
    Lederer, Martin 
    ;
    Nicolics, Johann 
    ;
    Magnien, Julien 
    ;
    Suhir, Ephraim 
    The rapid technological advancements and market demands in electronic sector requires application of highly accelerated, still practice relevant reliability assessment methods. At present, accelerated power and temperature cycling tests count as the state of the art for qualification of the devices. However due to physical characteristics of the devices, there are limitations to accelerated thermal and power cycling tests. Further acceleration by exceeding a critical temperature or time reduction may result in occurrence of failure mechanisms other than those encountered in real application or suppressing these failures. An alternative approach for further acceleration of the testing procedures is based on the application of isothermal mechanical fatigue testing at high frequencies (AMT). The principle idea of this approach is replacement of thermally induced strains by means of equivalent mechanical strains. Based on a physics of failure approach, the relevant failure modes in the material interfaces are induced enabling detection of weak sites of the devices in a very short duration of time. In addition of time saving factor a further advantage of mechanical fatigue testing is the possibility of decoupling of thermal, mechanical and environmental stress factors for a more effective investigation and diagnosis. This paper presents an overview of our recent reliability studies on different types of electronic components by using the proposed methodology with the aim to give an insights into the advantages and some restrictions of AMT for qualification of electronic devices.
      61  1Scopus© Citations 4